What is a Root Canal?
If you’ve never heard of endodontic therapy, you’ve probably heard of its more common name: root canal.
Root canals are routinely performed in order to retain a tooth that has become infected or is severely damaged.
Like many dental procedures, people often have anxieties and fears. Today, we’ll talk about root canals, why they are needed, and what to expect if you’ve been told that a root canal is your best option.
A root canal treatment, or endodontist therapy, involves removing injured or infected tissue — also called pulp — from inside the roots and crown of a tooth. (“Endo” is the Greek word for “inside” and “odont” is Greek for “tooth.”)
It helps to know the basics of tooth anatomy. Under the tooth’s white enamel is a hard layer called the dentin and under that is soft tissue known as the pulp. The pulp is made of blood vessels, nerves, and other connective tissue. This tissue is vital as teeth are growing and developing. Once a tooth is fully mature it can survive without the pulp, because the tooth continues to be nourished by the tissues surrounding it.
When the pulp becomes infected or damaged, a root canal may be needed. The process involves removing infected or injured tissue (pulp) from inside the crown and roots of a tooth.
Next, the canal is disinfected, shaped, filled, and sealed with a material called gutta percha. This natural rubber-like material is safe and long-lasting. Lastly, the tooth is sealed to prevent future infection.
Root Canal Pain
People often avoid dental procedures because of a fear of pain. However, a root canal is done to relieve the pain a person is living with. There are a few common symptoms that might signal the need for a root canal.
- Severe pain while chewing or biting
- Tender and swollen gums
- A chipped or cracked tooth
- Sensitivity to hot or cold liquids and foods that lingers
- Clear decay or darkening of the gums
The treatment itself will either require localized anesthesia or for the patient to be “put under” (in extreme and/or complex cases). Pain management is a priority during the procedure and most patients report being relatively comfortable.
Following the root canal, for the first few days, the affected tooth may feel sensitive. This is especially the case if there was pain or infection before, it may feel “strange” and uncomfortable in a way you are not used to. Your dentist will provide a plan on how to manage your pain following the procedure.
How Do I Know if I Need a Root Canal?
If you are experiencing any of the above symptoms, or if your mouth, gums, or teeth are causing discomfort, the first step is to visit your dentist. They will provide a plan to relieve the pain, which might include endodontic treatment.
And try not to worry! There have been many advancements in the root canal procedure, from start to finish. And the end result will be well worth it, especially if you are already living with chronic pain.
